Advances in Solar Energy Technologies: A Review of Photovoltaic Systems and Concentrated Solar Power

Moses Adondua Abah, Msughter Joseph Guusu, Micheal Abimbola Oladosu, Nathan Rimamsanati Yohanna, Yusuf Abayomi Showemimo, Bankole Olayinka Afeez, Abiola Samuel Ajayi

Received : October 20, 2025 | Published : November 07, 2025

Citation: Abah MA, Guusu MJ, Oladosu MA, et al. Advances in Solar Energy Technologies: A Review of Photovoltaic Systems and Concentrated Solar Power. J Appl Sci Appl Eng. 2025;1(1):1-5.

License: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) , which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and the source, a link to the Creative Commons licence is provided, and any changes made are indicated.

Abstract

Solar energy technologies have advanced significantly, transforming the way we harness sunlight into electricity. Photovoltaic (PV) systems and concentrated solar power (CSP) are two primary methods that have gained prominence. PV systems convert sunlight directly into electricity using semiconducting materials, while CSP systems use mirrors or lenses to focus sunlight, generating heat that drives turbines. These advancements aim to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and promote sustainable energy production. This review explored the advances in solar energy technologies with emphasis on photovoltaic systems and concentrated solar power. Findings from this study revealed that recent breakthroughs in solar energy technologies have led to improved efficiency and affordability. Perovskite solar cells have shown remarkable efficiency rates above 30%, while tandem solar cells can capture a wider range of sunlight, boosting efficiency. Bifacial solar panels generate energy from both sides, increasing output. Smart solar panels with IoT connectivity optimize energy production and predict maintenance needs. Advancements in energy storage, such as lithium-ion batteries, enable efficient utilization of stored solar energy. These innovations are driving the adoption of solar energy across residential, commercial, and utility-scale projects. Advances in solar energy technologies have transformed the industry, offering improved efficiency, affordability, and sustainability. Innovations in PV systems, CSP, and energy storage have made solar energy a viable option for various applications. As research continues, solar energy is poised to play a crucial role in the global transition to renewable energy.

Keywords: Photovoltaic systems, Solar energy, Power, Efficiency, and Renewable energy