Journal of Surgical Practice and Case Reports
Research Article Volume: 2 & Issue: 1
Abstract
Objectives: To examine temporal trends in stroke mortality among U.S. adults with comorbid hypertension and diabetes from 1999 to 2023, with specific attention to variations across gender, ethnicity, and geographic region.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed CDC WONDER mortality data for U.S. adults (≥25 years) with hypertension and diabetes who died from stroke. Age-adjusted mortality rates were stratified by gender, ethnicity, and geographic region. Joinpoint regression identified significant trend changes, with annual percent change (APC) calculated for each segment.
Results: Overall stroke mortality among adults with hypertension and diabetes decreased from 1999-2016 (APC=-1.43%, p<0.01) but increased from 2016-2023 (APC=4.14%, p<0.01). Females showed decline followed by increase (APC=-1.71% from 1999-2017, then 4.84% from 2017-2023), while males showed no significant improvement. Hispanic/Latino populations maintained higher mortality rates than non-Hispanic/Latino groups. The South region displayed persistently high rates, the West exhibited the most pronounced recent increase (APC=4.70% from 2016-2023, p<0.01), and the Northeast maintained the lowest rates with no significant trend.
Conclusions: This study reveals a concerning reversal in stroke mortality trends among adults with hypertension and diabetes, with rates declining until 2016 followed by significant increases through 2023. Substantial demographic and geographic variations highlight persistent disparities requiring targeted interventions. These findings underscore the need for renewed public health eff orts to address stroke risk in this vulnerable population.